Robert & Mary Turner's A Glimpse of Titus County, Texas History
Titus County Jails
In 1917 Titus County erected its second jail at the corner of what is now W. Second Street and N. Van Buren.  The 1917 jail was demolished to build a parking lot in 1999.
Titus County's First Jail

Titus County's first jail was a two story log building located on the east side of what is now North Van Buren (then West Street) about mid-block between what is now West First (then Rusk) and West Second Street (then Houston).  The jail faced North Van Buren.  The jailer's residence was located on the ground floor and the cells were on the second floor.

The jail was made of ten inch square hewn logs, notched and securely fastened together.  The inside was sealed with heart slabs fastened by spike nails driven so close together that there was no chance for prisoners to saw their way out.  The prisoner's cell's only entrance was a trap door reached by an exterior stairway.  Two very small windows covered by iron crossbars provided the only ventilation and light.  This jail was used until some time between 1885 and 1891.


Please contact us if you have photos of Titus County's first or second jails.


Titus County's Second Jail

Between 1885 and 1891, the jail was moved around the block to the south side of what is now West Second Street (then Houston).  It was not located on the corner, but almost mid-block between what are now North Van Buren and Madison Streets.  The jail faced West Second Street.  No details are available about the construction or layout of this jail.  It was used until 1917.
Titus County's Third Jail

The Mt. Pleasant City Council minutes of December 14, 1916 contain the following entry:

12/14/1916 Book 4 page 398
Hon JW Tabb, County Judge
Titus County, Texas

Permission is hereby granted Titus County to erect a three story, re-enforced concrete and brick jail building on lots 307-308-225, block 13, City of Mount Pleasant, Texas.

J.F. Wilkinson, Mayor

In 1917, Titus County Commissioners built modern three story reinforced concrete and red brick jail on the southeast corner of West Second Street and North Van Buren, facing West Second Street.  The building also contained a basement which was not used for much due to moisture problems.

The jailer's living quarters were located on the ground floor, and cells were located on the second and third floors.  In addition to cells, the third floor contained a hangman's gallows that consisted of a steel trap door and a round steel hook anchored into the concrete ceiling above it through which a rope could be strung.

Contrary to popular local belief, the gallows were never used.  In 1923 the State of Texas ordered that all executions be carried out by the state rather than by the counties, and prescribed electrocution as the means of execution.  Afterwards, all Texas executions were performed in the electric chair, nicknamed "Old Sparky," in the Texas Department of Corrections' Walls Unit in downtown Huntsville, Texas.  The state executed its first inmate on February 8, 1924.  Even though the Titus County Jail gallows were never used, it had a sobering effect on people who saw it.

The Sheriff's Office moved to the first floor of the Court House due to lack of space in the jail.  The county gradually outgrew the 1917 jail, and it fell out of compliance with stricter jail standards that were enacted through the years.  Prisoners had to be unloaded outside, then walked (or carried) up the high steps into the jail.  This made it easier for them to escape, and also made it hard to protect them should someone want to harm them.  The cells were not air conditioned, having been built long before air conditioning was invented.  There was no prisoner exercise area as required by jail standards.  The jail did not comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act because you had to climb steep steps to enter it and the doors were too narrow for wheelchairs.  Its reinforced concrete and steel construction made modifications infeasible.  Simply put, the 1917 jail had functionally obsolete and outdated.

 
Being held in the 1917 Titus County Jail was not exactly living in "the lap of luxury."  Cells were small, there was no air conditioning.  There were two bunks in each cell with thin matresses on them, but the matresses had been removed by the time these photos were taken in 1999.  Graffiti was common on the doors and walls.
While it was never used, the hangman's gallows (above) was located on the third floor.  A steel ring through which a rope could be strung was embedded in the concrete ceiling.  A steel trap door, controlled by the levers adjacent to it, was located below the gallows.  Had a person actually been hanged, he would have dropped into the second floor cell area.  We bet that would have gotten the second floor occupants' undivided attention!
Titus County's Fourth Jail

To solve the problems with the 1917 Jail, the Titus County Commissioner's Court purchased a large lot to allow for future expansion and erected a new jail and Sheriff's Office at 304 South Van Buren Avenue, on the southwest corner of South Van Buren and West Arizona Streets.

The new jail was modern in every aspect when it was built.  It has two sallyports for prisoner transfer that allow up to four patrol cars to pull inside the building.  Afterward the cars are inside, electric overhead doors can be closed and the prisoners securely removed from the vehicles into the jail.

In addition to manual locks, all jail doors can be opened or locked by electric locks controlled from a central control room.  A closed circuit television system allows every movement in the sallyports and all areas of the jail complex to be monitored in the central control room.

Soundproof visitor's booths separate prisoners and their visitors.  A glass window separates them, and they must talk to each other by telephone.  No physical contact is possible, making it much harder for a visitor to sneak contraband into the jail.  The new jail has its own backup power generator for use during power failures.

The Sheriff's Office was moved from the Court House to the new jail complex, consolidating all of the Sheriff's Department activities in the same building and providing new and much larger office facilities for the Sheriff and his staff.  The Sheriff's department radio dispatch center is also located in the jail facility.

Several years after the new jail was built, Titus County began housing out of county and out of state prisoners.  This turned out to be a quite lucrative business, and has allowed much of the jails original construction cost and several jail expansions to be paid with very little cost to Titus County taxpayers.

After the Sheriff's Department and jail moved to the new building, the 1917 jail sat vacant for several years.  It was used for county records storage for a while.

When the Constables and Justices of the Peace outgrew their Court House offices, the Commissioner's Court traded the 1917 Jail to Billy Craig on March 22, 1999 in an exchange for the former Hotel Stephens property at the corner of South Madison and West First Street.  That property was used to construct the Titus County Justice Center to house Constable offices and Justice of the Peace offices and court rooms.

Mr. Craig demolished the 1917 Jail to build a parking lot behind his service station.

As time permits, we will expand the historical description of the present jail.







The present Titus County Sheriff's Office and Jail, located at 304 South Van Buren Avenue, is a modern structure that is more than ample for Titus County's needs.  It is also large enough to house out of county and out of state prisoners, which has repaid much of its original cost as well as that of several expansions.
It's still jail and not exactly "homey," but the new jail is bright and clean.  The booking area is shown in the upper left photo.  The hallway outside solid steel-doored isolation/segregation cells are shown in the upper right, and the hall leading to general population dormitory cells at the bottom.
All parts of the Titus County Jail are monitored by closed-circuit television from a central control room.  In addition the control room can lock or unlock any door in the secure jail area.

The jail's modern commercial kitchen prepares meals for the inmate population.
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